TUNING
Piano tuning is the art of aligning intervals between two tones by making minute adjustments to the tension of the strings. In order to properly align these intervals, a piano tuner must asses the vibration interaction among notes, which is different for every piano. By using a special tool called a tuning "hammer" or "lever" on the tuning pins of a piano, a technician is able to manipulate the string tension in order to make a piano sound in tune. Tuning is a fundamental skill for any piano technician and takes extensive training and practice.
HOW OFTEN SHOULD MY PIANO BE TUNED?
A piano is made from an intricate mix of wood, metal, and felt. One of the more vital components of a piano is the soundboard, which acts as an amplifier. Due to changes in humidity that alter the water content of the wood, the soundboard tends to expand in the summer and contract in the winter. This directly effects the strings, which rest on the bridge of the soundboard. When the soundboard swells or shrinks, the strings will move with the soundboard, causing your piano to go sharp in the summer and flat in the winter.
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It is recommended that pianos be tuned twice a year, in order to keep the piano at the standard pitch of A440. Biannual tuning also allows the technician to check for any other problems your piano may have, which should be repaired before they become more costly issues.
If a piano is left untuned for more than a year, the pitch will often fall flat. The piano will then require a pitch correction, which is a process used for the stability of the final tuning. A rough tuning restores the tension on the strings and lets the soundboard and other wood components adjust. After a pitch correction, a fine tuning that is both accurate and stable can be completed.
